Why Are My Gums Bleeding?

Seeing blood in the sink after brushing or flossing can be alarming, but it's a surprisingly common issue. While it can sometimes be caused by something simple, like brushing too hard, persistent bleeding gums are a classic sign that your gums are inflamed and need attention. Let's explore the most common causes.

The #1 Cause: Gingivitis

In the vast majority of cases, bleeding gums are the first sign of gingivitis, the earliest stage of gum disease. Here's how it happens:

• Plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, builds up along your gumline.
• The toxins produced by these bacteria irritate your gums, causing them to become inflamed, swollen, and tender.
• These inflamed gums are fragile and bleed easily, even with gentle brushing.

The good news? Gingivitis is completely reversible with a professional cleaning and improved daily oral hygiene.

Other Common Causes

• New Flossing Routine: If you've just started flossing regularly, a little bleeding for the first week is normal as your gums get healthier. If it continues, see your dentist.
• Brushing Too Hard: Aggressive brushing with a hard-bristled toothbrush can traumatize your gums and cause them to bleed. Always use a soft-bristled brush and a gentle touch.
• Medications: Certain medications, especially blood thinners, can make your gums more prone to bleeding. It's important to inform your dentist of all medications you are taking.
• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes during pregnancy can make gums more sensitive and susceptible to inflammation, a condition known as "pregnancy gingivitis."

When to Worry: A Sign of Periodontitis

If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, a more serious form of gum disease. In this stage, the inflammation starts to destroy the bone and ligaments that support your teeth. Bleeding gums, along with other symptoms like gum recession, persistent bad breath, or loose teeth, are a major red flag that you need to see a Periodontist immediately.

The Bottom Line

Don't ignore bleeding gums. Think of it as a warning light from your body. In most cases, it's a simple fix that requires stepping up your brushing and flossing game and getting a professional cleaning. However, it can also be the first sign of a more serious problem. A quick visit to your dentist will give you a clear diagnosis and a plan to get your gums healthy again.